Gardner Chapter 31

EUROPE & AMERICA, 1870-1900
(revised 8/08)

VOCABULARY AND IMAGES

Impressionism
Post-Impressionism
Symbolism
Art Nouveau

IMPRESSIONISM
 
 Claude Monet (1840-1926)
*Impression: Sunrise, 1872 (oil/canvas)
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/M/monet.html

Saint-Lazare Train Station, 1877 (oil/canvas)
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/M/monet.html

*Rouen Cathedral: Portal in the Sun, 1894 
http://www.metmuseum.org/collections/view1.asp?dep=11&item=30%2E95%2E250

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) 

Moulin de la Galette, 1876 
       http://www.artchive.com/artchive/ftptoc/renoir_ext.html

Edgar Degas (1834-1917) 

Ballet Rehearsal, 1874 (oil/canvas)
http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/degas/p-degas16.htm

*The Tub,  1886 (pastel)
       http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/degas/p-degas27.htm

Mary Cassatt (1845-1926) 

* The Bath, c. 1892 (oil/canvas) 
http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/cassatt/p-cassat40.htm

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901)

At the Moulin Rouge, 1892-95 (oil/canvas)

James Abbott McNeill Whistler (1834-1903)

Nocturne in Black and Gold (The Falling Rocket), c. 1875 (oil/panel)


POST-IMPRESSIONISM
 
Vincent van Gogh (1853-90)
The Night Cafe, 1888, (oil/canvas)
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/V/vangogh.html

*The Starry Night, 1889, o/c 
       http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/gogh/p-gogh41.htm

Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)

The Vision After the Sermon (Jacob Wrestling the Angel),  1888 (oil/canvas)
http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/gauguin/p-gauguin7.htm

*Where Do We Come From?  What AreWe?  Where Are We Going?, 1897 (oil/canvas)
http://www.mfa.org/collections/search_art.asp?recview=true&id=32558&coll_keyword

George Seurat (1859-1891)

*A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884-86, o/c 
        http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/seurat/p-seurat1.htm

Paul Cezanne  (1839-1906)

*Mont Sainte-Victoire, 1904-06, o/c 
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/ftptoc/cezanne_ext.html 

Still Life with Basket of Apples, 1890-94, o/c 
 http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/eurptg/32pc_cezanne.html

SYMBOLISM

Pierre Puvis de Chavannes (1824-98)
The Sacred Grove, 1884 (oil/canvas)

Odilon Redon (1840-1916)

The Cyclops, 1898 (oil/canvas)
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/R/redon.html

Henri Rousseau (1844-1910)

The Sleeping Gypsy (1897)
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/R/rousseau.html

Edvard Munch (1863-1944)

The Cry (Scream), 1893 (oil, pastel, casein/cardboard)
http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/munch/munch.scream.jpg

TURN OF THE CENTURY ART, ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN

Gustav Klimt (1863-1918)

The Kiss, 1907-8 (oil/canvas)
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/K/klimt.html


August Rodin (1840-1917)
 Walking Man, 1905 (cast 1962) (bronze)

 Burghers of Calais, 1884-86, bronze
       http://www.musee-rodin.fr/colle-e.htm

Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868-1929)
Ladies' Luncheon Room, Ingram St. Tea Room, Glasgow, 1900-12

Victor Horta

Van Eetvelde House, Brussels, 1895

Antonio Gaudi

Casa Mila, Barcelona, 1907

Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel (1832-1923)

*Eiffel Tower, Paris, 1889
http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/eiffel.html
http://www.eventswholesale.com/article/eiffel-tower.htm

Louis Sullivan (1856-1924)

Guaranty Building, Buffalo, 1894-95
    http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/fa267/sullivan/guaranty.jpg

Carson, Pirie, Scott Building, Chicago, 1899-1904

Louis Comfort Tiffany 

Lotus Table Lamp, c. 1905


Chapter Review Questions
1.  Identify the scientific, philosophical and political foundations of Modernism.

2.  Identify the characteristics of Impressionism in terms of both form and subject matter.  Which of these characteristics are displayed in the works of Monet, Renoir, and Degas?

3.  Discuss the influence of Japanese art on the compositions of Edgar Degas and Mary Cassatt?  

4.  Describe how the four prominent Post-Impressionist artists--van Gogh, Gauguin, Seurat, and Cezanne--responded to Impressionism.  What aspects of Impressionism did they adopt and/or re-invent?

5.  Compare Van Gogh's approach to 'landscape painting in Starry Night (fig 31-17) to that of earlier artists (e.g. Thomas Cole [fig. 30-24], Albert Bierstadt [fig. 30-25]).  Think of the relationship between representation and artistic expression?  What were his intentions?

6.  Discuss new developments in European and American architecture in the late 19th century.