Gardner,
Chapter
35
Europe
& America, the
Early 20th
Century
(revised
8/08)
Vocabulary and Images
Expressive
Fauves
German Expressionism: Die
Brücke; Der
Blaue Reiter |
Formal/Analytic
Cubism:
Analytic and Synthetic
Futurism
Purism
Constructivism
Suprematism
De Stijl |
Exploring the subconscious and the
unconscious
Dadaism
readymades
Surrealism
automatism |
Regionalism
Bauhaus
International Style
Art Deco
curtain wall construction (skeleton
and skin)
EXPRESSIONISM
FAUVISM
GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM - DIE
BRÜCKE
*Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
Street Dresden,
1908, o/c
Emil Nolde
Saint
Mary of Egypt Among the Sinners,
oil/canvas (left panel
of triptych, 1912
|
GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM - BLAUE REITER
|
Wasily Kandinsky
(1866-1944)
Improvisation
No. 28 (second
version), 1912,
o/c
Franz Marc
Fate
of
the Animals, oil/canvas, 1912
|
GERMAN
EXPRESSIONISM - NEUE
SACHLICHKEIT (NEW OBJECTIVITY)
Max
Beckmann
Night, 1918-19,
o/c
Otto Dix
Der Krieg (The War), oil and
tempera/wood, 1929-32 |
FORMAL/ANALYTIC
CUBISM
Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
| Gertrude
Stein, 1906-7,
o/c
*Les
Demoiselles
d'Avignon, 1907, o/c
http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/picasso/p-picasso2.htm
Still Life with
Chair-Caning, 1911-12,
o/c
Maquette for Guitar,
cardboard, strong,
wire, 1912
Guernica, 1937,
o/c
http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/picasso/p-picasso23.htm
|
Georges Braque
The Portuguese, 1911,
o/c
Jacques Lipchitz
Bather, 1917,
bronze.
|
FUTURISM
*Gino Severini
Armored
Train, 1915,
o/c
Umberto Boccioni
Unique Forms of
Continuity in
Space, bronze,
1913
|
SUPREMATISM
|
Kazimir Malevich
Suprematist
Composition:
Airplane Flying,1915,
o/c
|
DE STIJL
|
Piet Mondrian
Composition in Red,
Blue,
and Yellow, 1930
Gerrit Thomas Rietveld
Schroder House, Utrecht,
the Netherlands,
1924
|
EXPLORING THE
IRRATIONAL AND
THE UNCONSCIOUS
DADAISM
Marcel Duchamp (1887-1969)
|
METAPHYSICAL/SURREALISM
Giorgio de Chirico, Melancholy and Mystery of a Street, 1914,
o/c
Salvador Dali (1904-1989)
*The
Persistence
of Memory, 1931, o/c
Rene Magritte, The Treachery ( or Perfidy) of Images, 1928-29,
o/c
|
AMERICAN
REGIONALISM &
HARLEM RENAISSANCE
|
Edward Hopper (1882-1967), Nighthawks, 1942, o/c http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/hopper/p-hopper2.htm
Jacob Lawrence (b. 1917), No. 49, from The
Migration of the
Negro, 1940-41, tempera/masonite
Thomas Hart Benton, Pioneer Days and Early
Settlers, State
Capitol, Jefferson City, 1936
|
PAINTING
IN MEXICO
| Frida
Kahlo, The Two Fridas, 1939,
o/c
Diego Rivera, Ancient Mexico, National
Palace, Mexico
City, 1929-35
Jose Clemente Orozco, Epic of American
Civilization: Hispano-America,
Baker Memorial Library, Dartmouth College,
Hanover,
c. 1932-34.
|
ARCHITECTURE - Modern
Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959)
Le Corbusier
BAUHAUS
|
Walter Gropius (and Adolph
Meyer), Shop Block, the
Bauhaus, Dessau,
Germany,
1925-26
|
Chapter Review Questions
| 1. What are some of
the intellectual, scientific, technological, political and cultural
developments that gave rise to Modernism?
2. Categorize the various modernist movements that
developed before
World War I in relationship to artists' interest in the 'expressive' (beginning
with Fauvism) versus the 'formal/analytic'
(beginning with
Cubism).
3. Discuss the influences of non-Western art on
the art of
Picasso and
other early 20th-century moderists. What did Iberian and African
art contribute to Picasso's work?
4. Discuss the political and cultural issues that
gave birth to Dada and Surrealism. How did the art produced by
both movements challenge artistic conventions?
5. Discuss how the following art, architecture and
design movements attempted to improve society: Suprematism,
Constructivism, De Stijl, and the Bauhaus.
6. Discuss the development of modern architecture in Holland,
Germany,
France, and America. What 19th-century technical developments
allowed modern architecture to evolve? How did technical
developments influence artitectural style? |
|