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Gardner Chapter 23
16th-Century Art
in Northern
Europe & Spain
(revised
8/08)
VOCABULARY
AND IMAGES
Protestantism
Erasmus of Rotterdam;
1466?-1536
Martin Luther; 1483-1546
Iconoclasm
Print Techniques:
Relief: Woodcut
Intaglio: Etching
Engraving
Canon (of human proportion)
Plateresque
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GERMANY
FRANCE
Jean
Clouet (d. 1540)
Pierre Lescot (c. 1510-78)
(and
Jean Goujon,
sculptor)
*West facade of
the Squart Court of
the Louvre,
b.
1546
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THE
NETHERLANDS
SPAIN
| El Greco (Kyriakos
[Domenikos]
Theotokopoulos;
1541-1614) ? "the Greek"
Portal, Colegio de San Gregorio,
Valladolid, Spain, c. 1498
Juan de Herrera and
Juan
Bautista de Toledo
El
Escorial,
near Madrid, ca. 1563-84
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CHAPTER REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Summarize the
political and religious factors that help transform Northern Europe in
the 16th cenury.
2. In what ways does the Gruenewald relate Christ's suffering to
that of the patients who would have viewed his Isenheim Altarpiece (fig.
23-2)? What traits of the Northern Renaissance style are
evident in the altarpiece?
3. Summarize the artistic and cultural influences on Durer's
engraving Fall of Man (fig.
23-1). In
what ways does it draw upon Italian Renaissance and medieval concepts,
on religious and medical knowledge, and on classical art?
4. What new subjects begin to appear in 16th-century German
painting as a result of Protestantism? Give examples.
5. In what way does Bosch’s Garden
of
Earthly Delights (fig. 23-13) exhibit traits of the Northern
Renaissance style? In what ways is it unique?
6. Summarize French architecture in the 16th
century. What
were some of the influences that affected it?
7. What new subjects appeared in 16th-century Netherlandish
art? Give examples.
8. Compare and contrast El Greco's Burial of Count Orgaz (fig. 23-25)
with Pontormo's Entombment (fig.
22-42). What stylistic influences are apparent in El Greco's work?
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