CHAPTER 29
The Rise of Modernism:
Art of the Later 19th Century

1.  Read the chapter.

Explore Mark Harden's web site on the Impressionist paintings of Claude Monet.

2.  Words to know:

lithography, engravings, diorama, daguerrotype, polychromed, Impressionism, painterly,
"The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood"

Sunflowers by Vincent Van Gogh

3.  Issues and ideas to think about:
  • Explain Clement Greenberg's concept of modernism and how it differs from 'Modern' art.  (See page 855).
  • What does 'Realism' mean to the artist Gustav Courbet?  (See pages 856-858.)  Explain the difference between realism and the 'illusionism' of earlier paintings.
  • What four artists are known as the Post-Impressionist artists?  What is the reason for this designation?  (See pages 879-882).
  • Explore the idea of the 19th century color theorists and why their ideas became important to art in the 20th century.  (See the inset on page 883).

4.  Works of art to remember from the text:
  • Why did the French public react to paintings such as The Gleaners by Jean-Francois Millet (see page 857) with 'disdain and suspicion?'
  • What issues of Modernism are clearly exhibited in Les Dejeuner sur l'herbe (Luncheon in the Grass) by Edouard Manet (see page 860).
  • Compare Manet's Olympia (see page 861) with Adolphe-William Bouguereau's Nymphs and Satyr (also on page 861).  Which is better defined as a Realist painting?
  • Examine the works of the American realist painters Thomas Eakins in The Gross Clinic (see page 864) and  Henry Ossawa Tanner in The Thankful Poor (see page 866).
  • Define 'Impressionism' according to Impression:  Sunrise by Claude Monet (see page 869), public reaction to the painting, and the poet Charles Baudelaire's comments.
  • What elements of Impresionism are clearly seen in Le Moulin de la Galette by Pierre-Auguste Renoir (see page 872) and A Bar at the Folies-Bergere by Edouard Manet (see page 873)?
  • How does Rouen Cathedral: The Portal (in Sun) by Claude Monet (see page 876) explore Monet's studies in light and color?
  • Examine Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh (see page 881) and The Vision After the Sermon by Paul Gauguin (see page 881).
  • What process for applying and mixing paint is evident in A Sunday on La Grande Jatte by Georges Seurat (see page 884)?  What are some of the issues Seurat addressed?
  • Examine Mont Sainte-Victoire (see page 885) and The Basket of Apples (see page 886, both by Paul Cezanne.  How did Cezanne explore the properties of line, plane, and color and their interrelationships different from the Impressionists and other artists of the past?
  • Describe Symbolism as a movement in art, based on an exploration of The Sleeping Gypsy by Henri Rousseau (see page 889) and The Cry by Edvard Munch (see page 890).
  • What is the inspiration and personal aesthetic behind Antonio Gaudi's architectural designs achieved in Casa Mila (see page 896) and in his other designs?  
  • Using The Kiss by Gustav Klimt (see page 897) as an example, describe some of the characteristics of the Vienna Secession.
  • View Louis Sullivan's Carson, Pirie, Scott Building in Chicago (see page 899).  Explain Sullivan's famous dictum 'form follows function' in terms of this building and its application to other art and architecture.
  • How does Louis Comfort Tiffany's Lotus Table Lamp (see page 900) exemplify la belle ipoque?  View a similar lamp by Tiffany.

5.  Visit these sites on the Internet:

    a)  Explore American Paintings and Sculpture at the Met!
    b)  Visit the "Winslow Homer Home Page!"
    c)  See twenty-one extraordinary works of art by Impressionist Berthe Morisot.
    d)  Examine the art of the photograph.
    e)  Visit the "Annenberg Collection" of Impressionist and Post Impressionist works at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.


6.  Write a one page report that responds to one idea/issue/work of art from #3 or #4 above.  Send your report through the LISTSERV.  See the Schedule for date due.
7.  Provide a thoughtful response to someone else's report through the LISTSERV .
See the Schedule for date due...and don't forget that your participation in discussion is your 'presence' in the class!
Page Updated 7/5/06 Return to:  Summer on Campus Schedule or Summer Internet Schedule
Copyright M. Hoover and San Antonio College, June, 2002.  All rights reserved.